{"id":2252,"date":"2026-01-23T13:31:03","date_gmt":"2026-01-23T12:31:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/bang-thuat-ngu\/"},"modified":"2026-02-13T13:23:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-13T12:23:39","slug":"bang-thuat-ngu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/bang-thuat-ngu\/","title":{"rendered":"b\u1ea3ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng
Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
b\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n b\u1ee5ng, khoang b\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n<\/td>\n C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ea1o b\u1ecf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung<\/em> ; c\u1ea1o b\u1ecf l\u1edbp ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u00f4 ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn<\/td>\n Kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb m\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3<\/td>\n Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh adjuvare<\/em> , “h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3”). Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0, li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 di c\u0103n kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i n\u00e0o sau khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf m\u00f4 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 bao g\u1ed3m h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p hormone v\u00e0 x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1eaft b\u1ecf tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eadn<\/td>\n C\u1eaft b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t b\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng, trong thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef y h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 (t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh adnexe<\/em> , “ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5”); (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AHB<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp theo, n\u1eb1m vi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (ung th\u01b0).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh<\/td>\n T\u1eeb Latinh acutus<\/em> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “nh\u1ecdn”, “s\u1eafc b\u00e9n”; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 “nhanh ch\u00f3ng” ho\u1eb7c “kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t”. C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eafn. Ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u00e3n t\u00ednh. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch, ngay l\u00fac n\u00e0y.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u1ee5ng t\u00f3c<\/td>\n r\u1ee5ng t\u00f3c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00fa<\/td>\n T\u1eeb Latinh ambulare<\/em> , ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “\u0111i d\u1ea1o”, “t\u1ea3n b\u1ed9”; Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00fa, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c ngay sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa (qua \u0111\u00eam).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gi\u1ea3m \u0111au<\/td>\n Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1n \u0111au<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u (t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p an<\/em> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 haima<\/em> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “m\u00e1u”)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed b\u1ec7nh \u00e1n<\/td>\n Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan (v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n) b\u1edfi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf (b\u00e1c s\u0129\/chuy\u00ean gia kh\u00e1c).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh<\/td>\n (T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p anti<\/em> , “ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i”, bios<\/em> , “s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng”) Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 sinh s\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng n\u00f4n<\/td>\n (T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p \u201canti\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u201cemesi\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f4n m\u1eeda) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n v\u00e0 n\u00f4n m\u1eeda.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3<\/td>\n Kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed protein t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ea1 v\u00e0, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean) v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n d\u00f2ng” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, bevacizumab \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3<\/td>\n Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Anus praeter<\/td>\n M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 m\u1edf nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o trong ru\u1ed9t, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt m\u1edf th\u00f4ng ru\u1ed9t, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ru\u1ed9t ra ngo\u00e0i qua th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9t s\u1ebd l\u1ed9 ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t t\u00fai t\u1ef1 d\u00ednh. T\u00fai n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f9i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng thu gom ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edbng<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch trong khoang b\u1ee5ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 do di c\u0103n trong ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c (di c\u0103n ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c) ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng (xem th\u00eam ung th\u01b0 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c). Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n d\u1ecbch.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c<\/td>\n C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c. M\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng l\u00f3t th\u00e0nh khoang b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 khoang ch\u1eadu, bao ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan trong khoang b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 khoang ch\u1eadu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00f9ng b\u1ee5ng (h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb trong ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c)<\/td>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 thay v\u00ec to\u00e0n th\u00e2n; thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o khoang b\u1ee5ng thay v\u00ec v\u00e0o m\u00e1u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u00edt g\u00e2y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n th\u00e2n. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o khoang b\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1i \u0111a hai l\u00edt d\u1ecbch th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb trong ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 dung n\u1ea1p. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u00eam ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c g\u00e2y \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i s\u1eb9o trong khoang b\u1ee5ng. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n M\u1ea1c n\u1ed1i, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea1c n\u1ed1i l\u1edbn, l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 bao quanh \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao ph\u1ee7 ru\u1ed9t non v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0. M\u1ea1c n\u1ed1i r\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u m\u00f4 m\u1ee1, m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong khoang b\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1eafc<\/td>\n C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1eafc (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111i k\u00e8m) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd kh\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, huy\u1ebft \u00e1p cao ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch). C\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh<\/td>\n l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u1ed1i u l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh<\/td>\n Kh\u1ed1i u l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng di c\u0103n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bevacizumab<\/td>\nKh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 bevacizumab l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u m\u1edbi. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0, m\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng VEGF (y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ed9i m\u00f4 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u trong m\u00f4 xung quanh. Khi kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u oxy v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u0103ng cao. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u n\u00e0y (t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u m\u1edbi) b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m b\u1edfi bevacizumab. Bevacizumab \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sinh thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p bios<\/em> , “s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng,” v\u00e0 opsis<\/em> , “nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y”; sinh thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu m\u00f4 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m (m\u1eabu sinh thi\u1ebft). Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp theo. Trong sinh thi\u1ebft, m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ed1i u nghi ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u1ed1i u ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n U b\u01b0\u1edbu ranh gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh hay \u00e1c t\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u00e1c t\u00ednh th\u1ea5p.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gen BRCA<\/td>\n M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BRCA1 ho\u1eb7c BRCA2<\/td>\n BRCA l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a BReast<\/strong> CA<\/strong> nce (ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho n\u00f3 v\u00ec m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn trong m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c gen BRCA (BRCA1 ho\u1eb7c BRCA2) l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng. \u0110\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1ea7m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh di truy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang gen n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Anh ch\u1ec9 b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi, h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 (tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb) v\u00e0 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
m\u00e3n t\u00ednh<\/td>\n M\u00e3n t\u00ednh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “k\u00e9o d\u00e0i” ho\u1eb7c “ch\u1eadm”. C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u00e3n t\u00ednh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh (CT)<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p tomos<\/em> , ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “c\u1eaft” v\u00e0 “graphein” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ebd, vi\u1ebft; quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tia X \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft d\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh deprimere,<\/em> “\u00e1p b\u1ee9c”; Tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, thi\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai tu\u1ea7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3m x\u00fac b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/td>\n T\u1eeb “Diagnos\u00ed<\/em> ” trong ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “\u0111i\u1ec1u tra”; b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u1ed1i u l\u00e0 l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh hay \u00e1c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “ph\u00e2n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt”. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 ranh gi\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc t\u1ee9c th\u00ec (frozen section analysis) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 hai. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y<\/td>\n Ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Doxorubicin<\/td>\nDoxorubicin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. N\u00f3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y trong DNA v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i enzyme c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p DNA, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y. Ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng doxorubicin liposome pegylated. “Liposomal pegylated” c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t doxorubicin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi polyethylene glycol (pegylated) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o (liposome). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung n\u1ea1p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, g\u00e2y ra \u00edt t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p thu\u1ed1c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn l\u01b0u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u01b0u qua c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c qua \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u do b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ung th\u01b0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn tr\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n Ung th\u01b0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn tr\u1ee9ng; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft<\/td>\nLi\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1ng hormone; hormone ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00e1u, sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i u c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a hormone. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a hormone sinh d\u1ee5c n\u1eef estrogen. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hormone c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1ng hormone. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c hormone t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1ng hormone nh\u00ecn chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung n\u1ea1p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a<\/td>\n Enteron (<\/em> t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p “ru\u1ed9t”); m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c ru\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn th\u1ee9c \u0103n. \u1ed0ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o qua m\u0169i ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0o d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c ru\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft r\u1ea1ch \u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4<\/td>\n M\u00f4 vi\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 bao ph\u1ee7 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e9p k\u00edn bao ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u1edf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u0169i ho\u1eb7c ru\u1ed9t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p duy tr\u00ec<\/td>\n Khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p duy tr\u00ec.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e8m theo ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng k\u00e8m theo h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n H\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p oxy cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Etoposide<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n chia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/td>\n Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf\/\u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ecf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi<\/td>\n Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p: m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c; m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0: do ch\u00ednh b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y ra, do x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 s\u1ee9c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kim ch\u00e2m c\u1ee9u<\/td>\n Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ecdc h\u00fat kim nh\u1ecf, m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc kim nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sinh thi\u1ebft kim nh\u1ecf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Di c\u0103n xa<\/td>\n Di c\u0103n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1ch xa kh\u1ed1i u ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n<\/td>\n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i FIGO<\/td>\n Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i FIGO l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale de Gyn\u00e9cologie et d’Obst\u00e9trique<\/em> (FIGO) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u ph\u1ee5 khoa (FIGO giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 0 \u0111\u1ebfn IV).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N\u1ed9i soi d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y<\/td>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y (n\u1ed9i soi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gemcitabine<\/td>\n Gemcitabine l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n (ADN) c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o thay th\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n<\/td>\n (T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p \u201cgene\u00e1\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cg\u00e9nesis\u201d c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c) Di truy\u1ec1n, do gen g\u00e2y ra.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n<\/td>\n Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 t\u1eeb khi sinh ra, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gen BRCA, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n cho con c\u00e1i l\u00e0 50%.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kh\u1ed1i u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u00f4 m\u1edbi d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c (xem th\u00eam u)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td>\n M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o sau khi nh\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu m\u00f4. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 sai l\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 kh\u1ed1i u so v\u1edbi m\u00f4 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng (m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a). \u0110\u1ed9 sai l\u1ec7ch c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, kh\u1ed1i u c\u00e0ng hung h\u00e3n v\u00e0 ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0ng x\u1ea5u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1t<\/td>\n C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng do vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbn<\/td>\n M\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh khi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean ru\u1ed9t non (ti\u1ebfng Latinh: omentum majus)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ph\u1ee5 khoa<\/td>\n Ph\u1ee5 khoa l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan sinh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 sinh s\u1ea3n n\u1eef.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00e1c s\u0129 ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 khoa<\/td>\n B\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa ph\u1ee5 khoa v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HB<\/td>\n Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a hemoglobin, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111o n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u trong m\u00e1u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ung th\u01b0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec3n vi, ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 “k\u00e9m bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a”. Kh\u1ed1i u n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00f4 kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, m\u00f4 nghi ng\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc trong khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y m\u00ea, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e1t c\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, gi\u00fap x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nghi ng\u1edd, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4 kh\u1ed1i u d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao<\/td>\n Trong c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao”, nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean, v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di truy\u1ec1n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ung th\u01b0 V\u00fa v\u00e0 Bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng Gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p hormone<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng hormone, xem th\u00eam li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9<\/td>\n C\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o, b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp qua \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i l\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c\u1eaft b\u1ecf t\u1eed cung<\/td>\n C\u1eaft b\u1ecf t\u1eed cung<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1edf h\u1ed3i tr\u00e0ng<\/td>\n M\u1edf ru\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, xem th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt m\u1edf ni\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ea3o<\/td>\n T\u1eafc ru\u1ed9t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch<\/td>\n Truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh<\/td>\n Trong y h\u1ecdc, li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean khoa kh\u00e1c nhau (= c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ti\u00eam t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n V\u00e0o t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i cho tim<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ed9c t\u00ednh tim m\u1ea1ch (t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p cardia<\/em> , “tim,” v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Latinh toxicum<\/em> , “ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c”) \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tim theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u00ednh tim m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ung th\u01b0<\/td>\n (T\u1eeb Hy L\u1ea1p\/Latinh “carcinoma” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ung th\u01b0) Carcinoma l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 \u00e1c t\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c; c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan sang c\u00e1c m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh di c\u0103n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Carcinoma l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u00f4 l\u00f3t (bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng<\/td>\n Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t hay kh\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/td>\n Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf trong l\u1ea7n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1eed cung v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn tr\u1ee9ng).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf<\/td>\n“Complementum” l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “b\u1ed5 sung” ho\u1eb7c “ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3”. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ed5 sung, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb y t\u1ebf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thay cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi y h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
creatinine<\/td>\n D\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 b\u1eafp cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1eadn v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n, n\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n phi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh<\/td>\n T\u1eeb Latinh curare, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh”. Y h\u1ecdc ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi<\/td>\n Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt m\u1edf b\u1ee5ng (laparotomy), th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n r\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khoang b\u1ee5ng. Trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt m\u1edf b\u1ee5ng (th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt)<\/td>\n M\u1edf khoang b\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft m\u1ed5 \u1edf b\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd hay kh\u00f4ng. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ee7 quan: m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u n\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong bu\u1ed5i t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft<\/td>\nT\u1eeb Latinh lympha,<\/em> “n\u01b0\u1edbc su\u1ed1i\/s\u00f4ng”, ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p aden<\/em> , “tuy\u1ebfn” v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p ectomein<\/em> ; c\u1eaft b\u1ecf! Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 b\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i u x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u00e3 di c\u0103n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i TNM c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp theo. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u1eabn l\u01b0u b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft<\/td>\n Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p massage \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft (s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y). Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00f9 b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 u nang b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft<\/td>\n Ph\u00f9 b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111au, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecf do t\u00edch t\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch trong c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng m\u00f4, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u1edf h\u00e1ng, v\u00f9ng sinh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft (d\u1ecbch k\u1ebd) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Khi d\u1ecbch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c nang, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nang b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft<\/td>\n Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft, xem th\u00eam ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft<\/td>\n C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc d\u1ecbch m\u00f4 trong m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ee5p c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p, tomos ngh\u0129a<\/em> l\u00e0 “c\u1eaft” v\u00e0 graphein ngh\u0129a l\u00e0<\/em> “v\u1ebd”, “vi\u1ebft”; Ch\u1ee5p c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb (MRI) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u00ecnh dung c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan b\u00ean trong t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tia X ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh (CT), k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tia X m\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0129 m\u00f4<\/td>\n T\u1eeb Latinh resecare<\/em> , ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “c\u1eaft b\u1ecf”; Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u00f4 kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e1c t\u00ednh<\/td>\n \u00c1c t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ee5p X-quang tuy\u1ebfn v\u00fa<\/td>\n Ch\u1ee5p X-quang v\u00fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Di c\u0103n<\/td>\n Di c\u0103n, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i u ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb kh\u1ed1i u nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t ban \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u \u1edf xa. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i u b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft khi ch\u00fang di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00f3a tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n tr\u1ecb<\/td>\n Trong h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c duy nh\u1ea5t, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111a h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, v\u1ed1n bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di truy\u1ec1n. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea5u; tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vi\u00eam ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c<\/td>\n Vi\u00eam ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c<\/td>\n Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c gi\u00fap ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa, nh\u01b0ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u1ecf trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00fa.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u1ee8c ch\u1ebf t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/td>\n T\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n<\/td>\n bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5<\/td>\n Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf m\u1ecdi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00ean t\u1edd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c. Th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t trong ph\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ti\u1ec1n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p neo,<\/em> “m\u1edbi” v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Latinh adjuvare,<\/em> “h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3”; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c cho th\u1eadn<\/td>\n g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho th\u1eadn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 t\u00ea b\u00ec, ng\u1ee9a ran ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u1edf b\u00e0n tay v\u00e0 b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u trung t\u00ednh<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t\u00e1o b\u00f3n<\/td>\n t\u00e1o b\u00f3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1<\/td>\n gr. oidema<\/em> ,\u201ckh\u1ed1i u\u201d; S\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch m\u00f4 trong c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng gian b\u00e0o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Di c\u0103n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh: occultus, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “\u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u”. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i u di c\u0103n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1eaft m\u1ea1c n\u1ed1i<\/td>\n Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf (kh\u00f4ng) ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea1c n\u1ed1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ea1c n\u1ed1i l\u1edbn<\/td>\n M\u1ea1c n\u1ed1i, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea1c n\u1ed1i l\u1edbn, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao ph\u1ee7 ru\u1ed9t non v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0. N\u00f3 gi\u00e0u m\u00f4 m\u1ee1, m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong khoang b\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ung th\u01b0<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p onkos,<\/em> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y”, logos<\/em> , ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u”; l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ng\u00e0nh y h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lo\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/td>\n Lo\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3m, khi\u1ebfn x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n Ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paclitaxel<\/td>\n Thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m taxane<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9<\/td>\nTrong y h\u1ecdc, “ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9” c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m” ho\u1eb7c “l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu”. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, “ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9” m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i” c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Khoa ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9<\/td>\nC\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khoa \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. H\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh nan y, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. B\u00e1c s\u0129 lu\u00f4n t\u00fac tr\u1ef1c 24\/7; m\u1ed9t y t\u00e1 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u1ed1i \u0111a b\u1ed1n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01a1n) v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ed7 \u1edf qua \u0111\u00eam mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p para<\/em> , “b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh” v\u00e0 enteron<\/em> , “ru\u1ed9t”; dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o “b\u1ecf qua ru\u1ed9t”, trong \u0111\u00f3 dung d\u1ecbch dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng li\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u00e1u qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch (kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ru\u1ed9t qua \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf PARP<\/td>\n Thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf PARP \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i enzyme g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 PARP ( poly<\/strong> – AD<\/strong> -ribose<\/strong> polymerase<\/strong> ), m\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng DNA, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u g\u00e2y ra. N\u1ebfu enzyme n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 do b\u1ecb \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng DNA v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p, pathos ngh\u0129a l\u00e0<\/em> “s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5” v\u00e0 logos ngh\u0129a l\u00e0<\/em> “nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u”; b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ung th\u01b0 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c<\/td>\n Ung th\u01b0 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ch\u00ednh ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 di c\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c (xem ung th\u01b0 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c lan r\u1ed9ng).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ung th\u01b0 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c<\/td>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn tr\u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di c\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c. \u0110\u00f4i khi ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u00f4i khi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Di c\u0103n ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c<\/td>\n C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u di c\u0103n trong ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ecdc ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m tra d\u1ecbch \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. M\u00e0ng b\u1ee5ng (l\u1edbp l\u00f3t \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng) bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 m\u1ecfng, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng. N\u00f3 bao quanh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u00f3t khoang b\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01a1n tru c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng b\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb khoang b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. M\u00e0ng b\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kho\u1ea3ng 2 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 positron (PET)<\/td>\n PET, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 MRI v\u00e0 CT, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1eaft ngang. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 y\u1ebfu (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 glucose, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “\u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u” b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o, cho ph\u00e9p h\u00ecnh dung qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian ba chi\u1ec1u. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh (PET-CT).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1ng platinum<\/td>\n Kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng platinum n\u1ebfu ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean platinum trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n sau ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ed1i u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m (kh\u00e1ng) v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi b\u1ea1ch kim<\/td>\n Kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi platin n\u1ebfu ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a platin trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t sau h\u01a1n 6 th\u00e1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea1ch kim<\/td>\nC\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea1ch kim l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd n\u00e0y li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c enzyme c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do kh\u1ed1i u g\u00e2y ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c d\u00f9ng k\u00e8m. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch trong khoang gi\u1eefa ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ng\u1ef1c (khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i). Khoang h\u1eb9p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f3t b\u1edfi m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i, bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh (ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i ng\u1ef1c). Do \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i \u00e1c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 bao quanh ph\u1ed5i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110a h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Trong h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c\u1ea3ng<\/td>\n \u1ed0ng th\u00f4ng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch (c\u1ed5ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00e2y t\u00ea c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00fa, v\u00e0 d\u1eabn v\u00e0o t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u cho tim. \u1ed0ng th\u00f4ng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1ea1o th\u00eam c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1nh tay, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0111au v\u00e0 vi\u00eam. \u1ed0ng th\u00f4ng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 d\u1ecbch truy\u1ec1n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 xung quanh n\u1ebfu t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb y\u1ebfu. \u1ed0ng th\u00f4ng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o ra sau khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sau ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n sau ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kh\u1ed1i u nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t<\/td>\n Kh\u1ed1i u nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t; kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh di c\u0103n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o<\/td>\n T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p pro, “tr\u01b0\u1edbc” v\u00e0 gnosis, “ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c”; trong y h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Protein ni\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft protein trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a suy th\u1eadn.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/td>\n ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc ung th\u01b0<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00e2m l\u00fd ung th\u01b0<\/td>\n Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u t\u00e2m l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c t\u00e2m l\u00fd l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh, chuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e2m l\u00fd, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i k\u00e8m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e2m l\u00fd ung th\u01b0<\/td>\n H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, v.v.).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00e2m th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n M\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00e2m l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u00e2m l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/td>\n Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tham gia v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u t\u00e2m l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/td>\n Trong y h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n sau khi kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf, t\u00e2m l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o gia \u0111\u00ecnh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1eaft b\u1ecf<\/td>\n T\u1eeb Latinh esecare<\/em> , ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “c\u1eaft b\u1ecf”; d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 quan ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 kh\u1ed1i u.\n\n Sau ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i “R”: R0 = kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ed1i u s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i; R1-2 = c\u00f2n kh\u1ed1i u s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00e1i ph\u00e1t<\/td>\n T\u00e1i ph\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng \u2013 n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec7nh<\/td>\n Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa chu k\u1ef3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro<\/td>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng di truy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, v.v. Khi m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh t\u0103ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c SAPV<\/td>\n SAPV l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ch\u0103m s\u00f3c<\/strong> gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9<\/strong> ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00fa<\/strong> chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t<\/strong> v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00fa th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. SAPV c\u1ea7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng chuy\u00ean khoa, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 24 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng SAPV theo lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m y t\u1ebf b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c chi tr\u1ea3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p vi\u1ebft<\/td>\n Vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u v\u00ec trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fac kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p: vi\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd. Vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch d\u00e0nh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng hay ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1edf h\u1eefu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn S3<\/td>\nN\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129. C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c y khoa t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. M\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ri\u00eang. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i ch\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i Y khoa Khoa h\u1ecdc (AWMF) \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn theo ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 S3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 li\u00ean quan l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia tham gia. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai<\/td>\n Sau khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh “ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i” v\u00f9ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang. Ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/td>\n Xem k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng<\/td>\n Trong chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ung th\u01b0 h\u1ecdc, “ph\u00e2n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n” \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
l\u1ed7 m\u1edf<\/td>\n Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef stoma (ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “mi\u1ec7ng”) d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u1edf v\u00f9ng b\u1ee5ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan r\u1ed7ng ra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ru\u1ed9t (enterostomy ho\u1eb7c anus preter) ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0ng quang (urostomy). L\u1ed7 stoma c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 nh\u00f4 ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb<\/td>\n X\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1, l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p y h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o thi\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0. B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (trong li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9). C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 X quang.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5<\/td>\n Ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng; trong ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau: \u2022 d\u1ea1ng thanh d\u1ecbch (kho\u1ea3ng 50%); \u2022 d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea7y (kho\u1ea3ng 10%); \u2022 d\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung (kho\u1ea3ng 20%); \u2022 d\u1ea1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u00e1ng (kho\u1ea3ng 7%); \u2022 d\u1ea1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp (kho\u1ea3ng 1%); \u2022 d\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p (kho\u1ea3ng 2%); \u2022 ung th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (kho\u1ea3ng 10%). C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/td>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111au, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, v.v. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n Trong y h\u1ecdc, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ecdc. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quan, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1ch quan, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Taxane<\/td>\n Taxane l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bv\u1ecf c\u00e2y t\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecf (ti\u1ebfng Latinh: ” taxus eibifolia<\/em> “). Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00e1n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng “ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n” s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ebf b\u00e0o (ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o). V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 paclitaxel v\u00e0 docetaxel.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p<\/td>\n (T\u1eeb Hy L\u1ea1p \u201ctherapeia\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c) \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Huy\u1ebft kh\u1ed1i t\u1eafc m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n T\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u; khi m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c m\u00e1u \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f4i trong d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 huy\u1ebft kh\u1ed1i t\u1eafc m\u1ea1ch.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kh\u1ed1i u<\/td>\n T\u1eeb Latinh ” tumor<\/em> “, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y”; d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed1i u ph\u00e1t sinh do s\u1ef1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. U c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c t\u00ednh (xem “l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh” ho\u1eb7c “\u00e1c t\u00ednh”) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00f4 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i u<\/td>\n Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia: v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, b\u00e1c s\u0129 x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb, b\u00e1c s\u0129 ung b\u01b0\u1edbu v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbn chuy\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1ed1i u. C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean khoa g\u1eb7p nhau t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb\u2014sau khi tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bk\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng\u2014thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1ed1i u<\/td>\n Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1ed1i u cho bi\u1ebft ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ec7nh (ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i TNM) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i u (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: T), li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft c\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng hay kh\u00f4ng (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: N), v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u00e3 di c\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c hay ch\u01b0a (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: M). Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i FIGO c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan sinh s\u1ea3n n\u1eef.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Topotecan<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00e1n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt camptothecin. Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n chia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u1ea5u \u1ea5n kh\u1ed1i u<\/td>\n C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n kh\u1ed1i u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t do c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 s\u1ea3n sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1edfi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0. Khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n kh\u1ed1i u, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng; m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd: N\u1ebfu n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n t\u0103ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n kh\u1ed1i u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng cao trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00e1m si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/td>\n C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 si\u00eau \u00e2m, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u1ed7 m\u1edf ni\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1o<\/td>\n M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf mi\u1ec7ng b\u00e0ng quang cho ph\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i qua th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5ng (xem th\u00eam l\u1ed7 m\u1edf ni\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1o). Th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 m\u1edf ni\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt m\u1edf ni\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1o (urostomy).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/td>\n Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tr\u00ean ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 cetuximab ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thu\u1ed1c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o<\/td>\n Thu\u1ed1c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u01b0 carboplatin v\u00e0 paclitaxel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTh\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ee5ng b\u1ee5ng, khoang b\u1ee5ng S\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ea1o b\u1ecf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung ; c\u1ea1o b\u1ecf l\u1edbp ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u00f4 ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c. Ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2252","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2252","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2252"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2252\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2253,"href":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2252\/revisions\/2253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/studienportal-eierstockkrebs.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}